Where is MiddleGate?
THE SERPENT'S SPELL, AMBER AMBROSIA, FISH & SPHINX, AND THE KINGDOM OF TROLLS  are set in never-never-now in the secret city of MiddleGate, tucked away and hidden in Winnipeg's Exchange District in Manitoba, Canada.

Where is Winnipeg, you ask? It's practically at the centre of North America!

And the magical portal to the world of MiddleGate is through Winnipeg's historic Kelly House. In THE SERPENT'S SPELL, a lot of the action happens at the snake dens of Narcisse, Manitoba too.

Take a magical tour of places in MiddleGate inspired by real places in Winnipeg.

Where do your ideas come from?
The MiddleGate Books are inspired by the red-sided garter snakes of Narcisse and Inwood, Manitoba. These garter snakes brumate together by the tens of thousands in limestone caves over the winter months, and then emerge by the thousands in spring-time. Their mass brumation (brumation is similar to the hibernation of mammals) is unique in the world, and an estimated 50,000 people come annually from all over North America and beyond to visit the dens.

Societies around the world revere snakes, although within Judeo-Christian mythology the serpent is very often regarded as a tempter. Aztec mythology speaks about the plumed serpent Quetzalcoatl. Hindu mythology features Sesha, the thousand-headed serpent. Typhon in Greek mythology is a monster-serpent, whose head touches the stars. Snakes play important ecological roles through controlling rodent populations and snake venom has been useful for treating human diseases. Unfortunately, some snake habitats are now being threatened by human activity as well as climate change.
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Many of MiddleGate's figures of speech feature snakes. Here are some of the snake idioms you'll find as you read the MiddleGate Books.

I really like reading the Latin translations in your books. How can I learn Latin?
Yes, at the beginning of each chapter in The MiddleGate Books, you'll find humorous Latin sayings and English translations portending what's to come. Latin is an ancient living language. When you begin to explore Latin, hidden meanings are revealed in the roots of many words, names and phrases. Latin sounds magical and reminds readers that the meaning of something can be hidden … but not if you know the secret of how to unlock words and their history. There are lots of online resources to help kids learn some Latin. Here's just one of my favourite sites (it features inviting videos and worksheets): Learn Latin with MoCA (Museum of Classical Archaeology) and students studying classics in the Faculty of Classics at the University of Cambridge.

How do you do your drawings?
I am self-taught and my illustrations blend multi-layered traditional and contemporary approaches, using dip pen & ink, pan pastels, coloured pencils, and watercolour, mixed with digital techniques. My artwork is created by hand - fatto a mano. Then it is scanned and played with + polished in Photoshop. I love working with an ordinary pencil (there is nothing quite as nice as a freshly sharpened pencil), an eraser (there is nothing quite as nice as a brand new eraser), a crowquill pen, and iron gall ink. You have to be careful because it's a real mess if that bottle of ink spills. [ADVICE: Do not wear your best clothes when working with ink, or any art materials, for that matter!] I carry a small sketchbook with me everywhere.

How long does it take to finish writing and illustrating a book?
Between the time of writing the first sentence of The Serpent's Spell and finishing the first draft . . . a year and a half. The book was published five years later. [Note: That first sentence changed many, many times!] I wrote the book on the weekends and late at night when my children were asleep. The second book, Amber Ambrosia, took five months to write the first draft and illustrate. (I wrote it during a sabbatical from the university.) I like to keep a writing logbook, so I can look back to see what decisions I made and why. The logbook is like a friend who listens to all the ups & downs of writing and illustrating a book. I also have an hourglass filled with white sand. It sits on my writing desk and the sand falls through as I work.

Did you always dream of being an author?
I devoured a book or two a day when I was a child, and writing has always been part of my work as an artist and university professor. When I began to have my own children, we often read books out loud together. One night we were reading and I said, I want to write a book for you. And illustrate it too! Now that one book has turned into many others.

What are your favourite books?
Some of my favourite books when I was a child . . . I adored The Wizard of Oz by L. Frank Baum; I also loved reading Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll and The Wonderful Flight to the Mushroom Planet by Eleanor Cameron (and still do!). When I was older, I read many of Agatha Christie's and Charles Dickens' books. Some of my favourite children's books now are T.H. White's Once and Future King, Cornelia Funke’s Inkheart series, J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter books and Jenny Nimmo's Charlie Bone stories, as well as the work of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Philip Pullman, Angie Sage, and Tomi Adeyemi, among many, many others. Some of my favourite old-time illustrations (pen-and-ink drawings) are those by J.J. Grandville. Some of my favourite contemporary illustrators: Jim Kay, Shaun Tan, Julie Benbassat, Sveta Dorosheva, Ayano Imai. And Brian Selznick is a hero, both writer and illustrator.

Read the article Imaginary Friends by Ursula K. Le Guin: Many of us have at least one book or tale that we read as a child and come back to now and then for the rest of our lives . . . .

What's your advice for writers and illustrators?
Write, write, write. Read, read, read. Listen, listen, listen. Draw, draw, draw. Learn the Tricks of the Trade from other imaginers and wordsmiths. Learn as many new juicy words as you can, so you have lots of “tools” in your toolbox. Hang out with kindred spirits who like to write or draw.

And “hanging out” can mean a lot of things!
  • scheme with like-minded friends
  • explore online writing workshops, webinars and conferences, or enjoy local mentoring opportunities
  • attend readings of your favourite authors (many authors are now offering book launches and readings online)
  • become a member of your local writers’ association, like the Manitoba Writers’ Guild, as you’ll receive weekly or monthly e-newsletters announcing all the great opportunities and events happening near and far
  • check out some of my links to resources for writers and illustrators, experienced and novice alike.

Have you written any other books?
Although The Serpent's Spell, Amber Ambrosia, Fish & Sphinx and Kingdom of Trolls are fantasy-adventure books, I’ve also written several academic books and many journal articles about homelessness in Canada and child friendly cities. (Read more about my research.)
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THE PORTAL to the secret, magical city of MIDDLEGATE
Historic Kelly House, 88 Adelaide Street (Winnipeg),
as it was when I first saw it in 2001
The Kelly House, after it was renovated, 2001
[photo by Gordon Goldsborough]
DID YOU KNOW THAT?
Red-sided garter snakes’ North American territory ranges from the Northwest Territories south to Oklahoma, east to Ontario and west to British Columbia...through the 3 Prairie provinces (Alberta, Manitoba and Saskatchewan), parts of northern Ontario and western British Columbia, as well as 11 midwestern states (Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, North and South Dakota, Oklahoma, Wyoming), even parts of New Mexico.

Learn more about Manitoba's red-sided garter snakes (scientific name: Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis). Special fencing has protected the snakes when they cross the highway. Read an informal account of a visit to the Narcisse snake dens in the off-season, by Jonathan Crowe—he also maintains a great website devoted to Garter Snake News, with links to articles and resources.

The Serpent's Spell features another kind of snake—an African egg-eating snake (scientific name: Dasypeltis scabra).
Visit the Westman Reptile Gardens near Brandon, Manitoba. Further east, Reptilia is a large reptile zoo in the Toronto area. It offers educational programs as well as resources for pet owners about the proper care of their reptiles and amphibians.
Rae St. Clair Bridgman © 2026 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED